1.Kubernetes架构介绍和环境准备

1.1Kubernetes架构介绍

API Server，提供Kubernetes API接口，主要处理REST操作以及更新ETCD中的对象。所有资源增删改查的唯一入口。
Scheduler，资源调度，负责Pod到Node的调度
Controller Manager，所有其他集群级别的功能，目前由控制器Manager执行。资源对象的自动化控制中心
ETCD，所有持久化的状态信息存储在ETCD中
Kubelet，管理Pods以及容器、镜像、Volume等，实现对集群对节点的管理
Kube-proxy，提供网络代理以及负载均衡，实现与Service通信
Docker Engine，负责节点的容器的管理工作

1.2实验环境准备

1.2.1硬件设备准备

1.电脑内存>=8G，可用磁盘>80G
2.安装Vmware workstation Pro用于创建虚拟机
3.创建两台虚拟机，创建操作系统为Centos7.x-x86_64系统

1.2.2实验环境详情

主机名称                        IP地址                       描述
linux-node1.example.com        eth0:118.190.201.11          1VCPU 2G内存 一块硬盘sda50G(动态扩展) 
linux-node2.example.com        eth0:118.190.201.12          1VCPU 2G内存 一块硬盘sda50G(动态扩展) 
linux-node3.example.com        eth0:118.190.201.13          1VCPU 2G内存 一块硬盘sda50G(动态扩展) 
备注：安装的时候网卡为eth0 eth1

1.2.3环境准备

安装操作系统CentOS-7.x-x86_64
基本系统：1VCPU+2048M 内存+50G（动态）硬盘
网络选择：使用网络地址转换（NAT）。
软件包选择：Minimal Install。
关闭 iptables 和 SELinux。
设置所有节点的主机名和 IP 地址，同时使用内部 DNS 或者/etc/hosts 做好主机名解析。

安装步骤见文章：https://www.xionghaier.cn/archives/485.html

2.Kubernetes集群初始化

2.1环境准备

1.安装Docker

##node1，node2，node3节点安装docker
第一步：使用国内Docker源
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@linux-node1 ~]# wget https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

第二步：Docker安装：
[root@linux-node1 ~]# yum install -y docker-ce

配置docker hub加速器 ，直接复制命令到对应的系统上执行操作即可。这里直接复制linux的命令执行：
curl -sSL https://get.daocloud.io/daotools/set_mirror.sh | sh -s http://f1361db2.m.daocloud.io

第三步：启动后台进程：
systemctl restart docker

2.准备部署目录

##全部节点
mkdir -p /opt/kubernetes/{cfg,bin,ssl,log}

3.准备软件包

百度网盘下载地址：
https://pan.baidu.com/s/1ABHgmAqxu0WOCiS-vn6j9Q    ###下载v1.10.1
线上下载地址:
https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes

4.解压软件包

##上传压缩包进行解压
[root@linux-node1 ~]# yum install -y unzip
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd k8s-v1.10.1-manual/k8s-v1.10.1/
[root@linux-node1 k8s-v1.10.1]# mv ./* /usr/local/src/
##进行解压
[root@linux-node1 src]# tar zxvf kubernetes.tar.gz
[root@linux-node1 src]# tar zxvf kubernetes-client-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@linux-node1 src]# tar zxvf kubernetes-server-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@linux-node1 src]# tar zxvf kubernetes-node-linux-amd64.tar.gz

5.添加环境变量

##每个节点都需要操作
sed -ri 's#PATH=(.*)#PATH=\1:/opt/kubernetes/bin#g' /root/.bash_profile
source /root/.bash_profile

6.配置内核参数

[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv6.conf.all.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.default.disable_ipv6 = 1
net.ipv6.conf.lo.disable_ipv6 = 1

vm.swappiness = 0
net.ipv4.neigh.default.gc_stale_time=120
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 1

# see details in https://help.aliyun.com/knowledge_detail/39428.html
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter=0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter=0
net.ipv4.conf.default.arp_announce = 2
net.ipv4.conf.lo.arp_announce=2
net.ipv4.conf.all.arp_announce=2


# see details in https://help.aliyun.com/knowledge_detail/41334.html
net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets = 5000
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 1024
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
kernel.sysrq = 1

# iptables透明网桥的实现
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-arptables = 1

2.2集群CA证书创建和分发

Kubernetes系统各组件需要使用TLS证书对通信进行加密

自签名CA证书管理：1.easyrsa 2.openssl 3.cfssl

1.创建Key值免密钥登录

[root@linux-node1 ~]# ssh-keygen -t rsa
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts   ##所有节点相当
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
118.190.201.11 linux-node1 linux-node1.example.com
118.190.201.12 linux-node2 linux-node2.example.com
118.190.201.13 linux-node3 linux-node3.example.com
[root@linux-node1 ~]# ssh-copy-id linux-node1
[root@linux-node1 ~]# ssh-copy-id linux-node2
[root@linux-node1 ~]# ssh-copy-id linux-node3

2.安装CFSSL

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src
[root@linux-node1 src]# wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl_linux-amd64
[root@linux-node1 src]# wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssljson_linux-amd64
[root@linux-node1 src]# wget https://pkg.cfssl.org/R1.2/cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64
[root@linux-node1 src]# chmod +x cfssl*
[root@linux-node1 src]# mv cfssl-certinfo_linux-amd64 /opt/kubernetes/bin/cfssl-certinfo
[root@linux-node1 src]# mv cfssljson_linux-amd64  /opt/kubernetes/bin/cfssljson
[root@linux-node1 src]# mv cfssl_linux-amd64  /opt/kubernetes/bin/cfssl
复制cfssl命令文件到k8s-node2和k8s-node3节点。如果实际中多个节点，就都需要同步复制。
[root@linux-node1 ~]# scp /opt/kubernetes/bin/cfssl* 118.190.201.12:/opt/kubernetes/bin
[root@linux-node1 ~]# scp /opt/kubernetes/bin/cfssl* 118.190.201.13:/opt/kubernetes/bin

3.初始化cfssl

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src
[root@linux-node1 src]# mkdir ssl && cd ssl
##命令自动创建
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# cfssl print-defaults config > config.json
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# cfssl print-defaults csr > csr.json

4.创建用来生成 CA 文件的 JSON 配置文件

[root@linux-node1 ssl]# vim ca-config.json
{
  "signing": {
    "default": {
      "expiry": "8760h"
    },
    "profiles": {
      "kubernetes": {
        "usages": [
            "signing",
            "key encipherment",
            "server auth",
            "client auth"
        ],
        "expiry": "8760h"
      }
    }
  }
}

5.创建用来生成 CA 证书签名请求（CSR）的 JSON 配置文件

[root@linux-node1 ssl]# vim ca-csr.json
{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

6.生成CA证书（ca.pem）和密钥（ca-key.pem）

[root@linux-node1 ssl]# cfssl gencert -initca ca-csr.json | cfssljson -bare ca
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# ll
total 20
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 290 Jan 31 04:47 ca-config.json
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1001 Jan 31 04:56 ca.csr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 208 Jan 31 04:51 ca-csr.json
-rw------- 1 root root 1679 Jan 31 04:56 ca-key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1359 Jan 31 04:56 ca.pem

7.分发证书

[root@linux-node1 ssl]# cp ca.csr ca.pem ca-key.pem ca-config.json /opt/kubernetes/ssl
##SCP证书到k8s-node2和k8s-node3节点
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# scp ca.csr ca.pem ca-key.pem ca-config.json 118.190.201.12:/opt/kubernetes/ssl
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# scp ca.csr ca.pem ca-key.pem ca-config.json 118.190.201.13:/opt/kubernetes/ssl

2.3ETCD集群部署

官方文档：https://github.com/etcd-io/etcd/releases

##解压压缩文件
wget https://github.com/coreos/etcd/releases/download/v3.2.18/etcd-v3.2.18-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
[root@linux-node1 src]# tar zxf etcd-v3.2.18-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@linux-node1 etcd-v3.2.18-linux-amd64]# cp etcd etcdctl /opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@linux-node1 etcd-v3.2.18-linux-amd64]# scp etcd etcdctl 118.190.201.12:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@linux-node1 etcd-v3.2.18-linux-amd64]# scp etcd etcdctl 118.190.201.13:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

1.创建 etcd 证书签名请求：

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# vim etcd-csr.json
{
  "CN": "etcd",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
"118.190.201.11",
"118.190.201.12",
"118.190.201.13"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

2.生成 etcd 证书和私钥：

[root@linux-node1 ssl]# cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  -ca-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  -config=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json \
  -profile=kubernetes etcd-csr.json | cfssljson -bare etcd
##会生成以下证书文件
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# ls -l etcd*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1045 Mar  5 11:27 etcd.csr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  257 Mar  5 11:25 etcd-csr.json
-rw------- 1 root root 1679 Mar  5 11:27 etcd-key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1419 Mar  5 11:27 etcd.pem

3.将证书移动到/opt/kubernetes/ssl目录下

[root@linux-node1 ssl]# cp etcd*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# scp etcd*.pem 118.190.201.12:/opt/kubernetes/ssl
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# scp etcd*.pem 118.190.201.13:/opt/kubernetes/ssl

4.设置ETCD配置文件

[root@linux-node1 ssl]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/etcd.conf
#[member]
ETCD_NAME="etcd-node1"      ##节点name不一样
ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"   ##etcd存放数据目录
#ETCD_SNAPSHOT_COUNTER="10000"
#ETCD_HEARTBEAT_INTERVAL="100"
#ETCD_ELECTION_TIMEOUT="1000"
ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="https://118.190.201.11:2380"    ##监听的url，端口2379是客户端用的，2380是集群之间通信用的
ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="https://118.190.201.11:2379,https://127.0.0.1:2379"
#ETCD_MAX_SNAPSHOTS="5"
#ETCD_MAX_WALS="5"
#ETCD_CORS=""
#[cluster]
ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="https://118.190.201.11:2380"
# if you use different ETCD_NAME (e.g. test),
# set ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER value for this name, i.e. "test=http://..."
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="etcd-node1=https://118.190.201.11:2380,etcd-node2=https://118.190.201.12:2380,etcd-node3=https://118.190.201.13:2380"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"
ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="k8s-etcd-cluster"
ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="https://118.190.201.11:2379"
#[security]
CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"
ETCD_CA_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_CERT_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem"
ETCD_KEY_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem"
PEER_CLIENT_CERT_AUTH="true"
ETCD_PEER_CA_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
ETCD_PEER_CERT_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem"
ETCD_PEER_KEY_FILE="/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem"

5.创建ETCD系统服务

[root@linux-node1 ssl]# vim /etc/systemd/system/etcd.service
[Unit]
Description=Etcd Server
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=simple
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/etcd
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/etcd.conf
# set GOMAXPROCS to number of processors
ExecStart=/bin/bash -c "GOMAXPROCS=$(nproc) /opt/kubernetes/bin/etcd"
Type=notify

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

6.重新加载系统服务

###从node1节点拷贝
scp /opt/kubernetes/cfg/etcd.conf 118.190.201.12:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/    ###修改配置文件ETCD_NAME的名称为node2，及URL为本地地址，除去CLUSTER地址
scp /etc/systemd/system/etcd.service 118.190.201.12:/etc/systemd/system/
scp /opt/kubernetes/cfg/etcd.conf 118.190.201.13:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/    ###修改配置文件ETCD_NAME的名称为node3，及URL为本地地址，除去CLUSTER地址
scp /etc/systemd/system/etcd.service 118.190.201.13:/etc/systemd/system/

###在所有节点上创建etcd存储目录并启动etcd，并执行下列命令
[root@linux-node1 ~]# mkdir /var/lib/etcd
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl enable etcd
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl start etcd
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl status etcd

7.验证集群

[root@linux-node1 ~]# etcdctl --endpoints=https://118.190.201.11:2379 \
  --ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd.pem \
  --key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/etcd-key.pem cluster-health
member 2b9768bac4d1e147 is healthy: got healthy result from https://118.190.201.11:2379
member 6e9e3c245093a8d9 is healthy: got healthy result from https://118.190.201.13:2379
member bdf57119cb0d3229 is healthy: got healthy result from https://118.190.201.12:2379
cluster is healthy

3.Kubernetes Master节点部署

1.API Server提供集群管理的REST API接口，包括认证授权、数据校验以及集群状态变更等
  ①只有API Server才直接操作etcd
  ②其他模块通过API Server查询或修改数据
  🌂提供其它模块之间的数据交互和通信的枢纽
2.Scheduler负责分配调度Pod到集群内的node节点
  ①监听Kube-APIServer，查询还未分配Node的Pod
  ②根据调度策略为这些Pod分配节点
3.Controller-manager有一系列的控制器组成，它通过API Server监控整个集群的状态，并确保集群处于预期工作状态

3.1.部署Kubernetes API服务部署

0.准备软件包

###只需要node1拷贝，node1是master
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/kubernetes
[root@linux-node1 kubernetes]# cp server/bin/kube-apiserver /opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@linux-node1 kubernetes]# cp server/bin/kube-controller-manager /opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@linux-node1 kubernetes]# cp server/bin/kube-scheduler /opt/kubernetes/bin/

1.创建生成CSR的 JSON 配置文件

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl/
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# vim kubernetes-csr.json
{
  "CN": "kubernetes",
  "hosts": [
    "127.0.0.1",
    "118.190.201.11",   ###Master主机
    "10.1.0.1",
    "kubernetes",
    "kubernetes.default",
    "kubernetes.default.svc",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster",
    "kubernetes.default.svc.cluster.local"
  ],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

2.生成 kubernetes 证书和私钥

cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
   -ca-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
   -config=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json \
   -profile=kubernetes kubernetes-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kubernetes
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# cp kubernetes*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# scp kubernetes*.pem 118.190.201.12:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# scp kubernetes*.pem 118.190.201.13:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/

3.创建 kube-apiserver 使用的客户端 token 文件

[root@linux-node1 ~]#  head -c 16 /dev/urandom | od -An -t x | tr -d ' '
ad6d5bb607a186796d8861557df0d17f 
[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/ssl/bootstrap-token.csv
ad6d5bb607a186796d8861557df0d17f,kubelet-bootstrap,10001,"system:kubelet-bootstrap"

4.创建基础用户名/密码认证配置

[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/ssl/basic-auth.csv
admin,admin,1
readonly,readonly,2

5.部署Kubernetes API Server

[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-apiserver.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes API Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-apiserver \
  --admission-control=NamespaceLifecycle,LimitRanger,ServiceAccount,DefaultStorageClass,ResourceQuota,NodeRestriction \
  --bind-address=118.190.201.11 \
  --insecure-bind-address=127.0.0.1 \
  --authorization-mode=Node,RBAC \
  --runtime-config=rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1 \
  --kubelet-https=true \
  --anonymous-auth=false \
  --basic-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/basic-auth.csv \
  --enable-bootstrap-token-auth \
  --token-auth-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/bootstrap-token.csv \
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.1.0.0/16 \
  --service-node-port-range=20000-40000 \
  --tls-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
  --tls-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
  --client-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --service-account-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --etcd-cafile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --etcd-certfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes.pem \
  --etcd-keyfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kubernetes-key.pem \
  --etcd-servers=https://118.190.201.11:2379,https://118.190.201.12:2379,https://118.190.201.13:2379 \
  --enable-swagger-ui=true \
  --allow-privileged=true \
  --audit-log-maxage=30 \
  --audit-log-maxbackup=3 \
  --audit-log-maxsize=100 \
  --audit-log-path=/opt/kubernetes/log/api-audit.log \
  --event-ttl=1h \
  --v=2 \
  --logtostderr=false \
  --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
Type=notify
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

6.启动API Server服务

[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl enable kube-apiserver
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl start kube-apiserver

查看API Server服务状态

[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl status kube-apiserver
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# netstat -lntup
Active Internet connections (only servers)
Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name 
tcp 0 0 118.190.201.11:6443 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 18559/kube-apiserve 
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:2379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 17867/etcd 
tcp 0 0 118.190.201.11:2379 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 17867/etcd 
tcp 0 0 118.190.201.11:2380 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 17867/etcd 
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:8080 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 18559/kube-apiserve 
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:22 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1098/sshd 
tcp 0 0 127.0.0.1:25 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 1976/master 
tcp6 0 0 :::22 :::* LISTEN 1098/sshd 
tcp6 0 0 ::1:25 :::* LISTEN 1976/master

3.2部署Controller Manager服务

[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-controller-manager.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Controller Manager
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes

[Service]
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-controller-manager \
  --address=127.0.0.1 \
  --master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
  --allocate-node-cidrs=true \
  --service-cluster-ip-range=10.1.0.0/16 \
  --cluster-cidr=10.2.0.0/16 \
  --cluster-name=kubernetes \
  --cluster-signing-cert-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --cluster-signing-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --service-account-private-key-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
  --root-ca-file=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
  --leader-elect=true \
  --v=2 \
  --logtostderr=false \
  --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

1.启动Controller Manager

[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl enable kube-controller-manager
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl start kube-controller-manager

2.查看服务状态，端口10252

[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl status kube-controller-manager

3.3部署Kubernetes Scheduler

[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-scheduler.service
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Scheduler
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes

[Service]
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-scheduler \
  --address=127.0.0.1 \
  --master=http://127.0.0.1:8080 \
  --leader-elect=true \
  --v=2 \
  --logtostderr=false \
  --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

2.启动服务端口10251

[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl daemon-reload  
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl enable kube-scheduler 
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl start kube-scheduler  
[root@linux-node1 ~]# systemctl status kube-scheduler

3.4部署kubectl 命令行工具

1.准备二进制命令包

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/kubernetes/client/bin
[root@linux-node1 bin]# cp kubectl /opt/kubernetes/bin/

2.创建 admin 证书签名请求

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl/
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# vim admin-csr.json
{
  "CN": "admin",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "system:masters",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

3.生成 admin 证书和私钥：

[root@linux-node1 ssl]# cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
   -ca-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
   -config=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json \
   -profile=kubernetes admin-csr.json | cfssljson -bare admin
[root@linux-node1 ssl]# ls -l admin*
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1009 Mar  5 12:29 admin.csr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  229 Mar  5 12:28 admin-csr.json
-rw------- 1 root root 1675 Mar  5 12:29 admin-key.pem
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1399 Mar  5 12:29 admin.pem

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# cp admin*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/

4.设置集群参数

设置证书是因为API Server是通过RBAC进行授权，RBAC预定义了一些角色，所有要设置参数

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
   --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
   --embed-certs=true \
   --server=https://118.190.201.11:6443
Cluster "kubernetes" set.

5.设置客户端认证参数

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# kubectl config set-credentials admin \
   --client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/admin.pem \
   --embed-certs=true \
   --client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/admin-key.pem
User "admin" set.

6.设置上下文参数

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]#  kubectl config set-context kubernetes \
   --cluster=kubernetes \
   --user=admin
Context "kubernetes" created.

7.设置默认上下文

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# kubectl config use-context kubernetes
Switched to context "kubernetes".

8.使用kubectl工具

[root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl get cs
NAME                 STATUS    MESSAGE             ERROR
controller-manager   Healthy   ok                  
scheduler            Healthy   ok                  
etcd-1               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-2               Healthy   {"health":"true"}   
etcd-0               Healthy   {"health":"true"}

设置的参数在家目录下生产了 .kube/config配置文件（kubectl与api通信就使用到这个文件），若想在其它节点上也运行kubectl需要把这个文件拷贝到其它节点上

4. Kubernetes Node节点部署

4.1-kubelet部署

1.二进制包准备将软件包从linux-node1复制到其它节点中去。

 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/kubernetes/server/bin/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/kubernetes/server/bin]# cp kubelet kube-proxy /opt/kubernetes/bin/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/kubernetes/server/bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy 118.190.201.12:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/kubernetes/server/bin]# scp kubelet kube-proxy 118.190.201.13:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

2.创建角色绑定

当kubelet启动的时候会向API Server发送csr-bootstrap的请求，将bootstrap的token设置成对应的角色，这样kubectl才有权限创建请求

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/kubernetes/server/bin]# kubectl create clusterrolebinding kubelet-bootstrap --clusterrole=system:node-bootstrapper --user=kubelet-bootstrap

3.给kubelet准备一个kubeconfig的配置

创建 kubelet bootstrapping kubeconfig 文件设置集群参数

生成kubeconfig的配置

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/kubernetes/server/bin]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
   --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
   --embed-certs=true \
   --server=https://118.190.201.11:6443 \
   --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
Cluster "kubernetes" set.

设置客户端认证参数

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# kubectl config set-credentials kubelet-bootstrap \
   --token=ad6d5bb607a186796d8861557df0d17f \
   --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig   
User "kubelet-bootstrap" set.

设置上下文参数

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# kubectl config set-context default \
   --cluster=kubernetes \
   --user=kubelet-bootstrap \
   --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
Context "default" created.

选择默认上下文

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=bootstrap.kubeconfig
Switched to context "default".
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# cp bootstrap.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig 118.190.201.12:/opt/kubernetes/cfg
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# scp bootstrap.kubeconfig 118.190.201.13:/opt/kubernetes/cfg

4.设置CNI支持，cni是k8s网络接口的插件

 ~]# mkdir -p /etc/cni/net.d  ###所有节点执行

[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /etc/cni/net.d/10-default.conf
{
        "name": "flannel",
        "type": "flannel",
        "delegate": {
            "bridge": "docker0",
            "isDefaultGateway": true,
            "mtu": 1400
        }
}

 [root@linux-node1 ~]# scp /etc/cni/net.d/10-default.conf 118.190.201.12:/etc/cni/net.d/10-default.conf
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# scp /etc/cni/net.d/10-default.conf 118.190.201.13:/etc/cni/net.d/10-default.conf

5.创建kubelet目录

~]# mkdir /var/lib/kubelet  ###node节点进行创建

6.创建kubelet服务配置

 [root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service  ###创建配置文件不启动
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kubelet
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=docker.service
Requires=docker.service

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kubelet
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kubelet \
 --address=118.190.201.11 \
 --hostname-override=118.190.201.11 \
 --pod-infra-container-image=mirrorgooglecontainers/pause-amd64:3.0 \
 --experimental-bootstrap-kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/bootstrap.kubeconfig \
 --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kubelet.kubeconfig \
 --cert-dir=/opt/kubernetes/ssl \
 --network-plugin=cni \
 --cni-conf-dir=/etc/cni/net.d \
 --cni-bin-dir=/opt/kubernetes/bin/cni \
 --cluster-dns=10.1.0.2 \
 --cluster-domain=cluster.local. \
 --hairpin-mode hairpin-veth \
 --allow-privileged=true \
 --fail-swap-on=false \
 --logtostderr=true \
 --v=2 \
 --logtostderr=false \
 --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log
Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5

###进行拷贝到node节点，修改监听地址
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service 118.190.201.12:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service 118.190.201.13:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service

###node节点修改监听地址
 [root@linux-node2 ~]# sed -i 's#118.190.201.11#118.190.201.12#g' /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# sed -i 's#118.190.201.11#118.190.201.13#g' /usr/lib/systemd/system/kubelet.service

7.node节点启动Kubelet

~]# systemctl daemon-reload
~]# systemctl enable kubelet
~]# systemctl start kubelet
~]# systemctl status kubelet

8.查看csr请求注意是在linux-node1上执行

 [root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl get csr  ###kubelet起来需要与API做相关证书的通信
NAME                                                   AGE       REQUESTOR           CONDITION
node-csr-HVCroDqY44NHqb5sb8P8qinL-Zbn4EdTmHSKKMxdzWg   2m        kubelet-bootstrap   Pending
node-csr-m1uxZc8r-SF8wJDBb3X2tbekjO5UrOVJqSBt_N47u9g   2m        kubelet-bootstrap   Pending

9.批准kubelet 的 TLS 证书请求

 [root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl get csr|grep 'Pending' | awk 'NR>0{print $1}'| xargs kubectl certificate approve

10.执行完毕后，查看节点状态已经是Ready的状态了

 [root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl get node
NAME             STATUS    ROLES     AGE       VERSION
118.190.201.12   Ready     <none>    2m        v1.10.1
118.190.201.13   Ready     <none>    2m        v1.10.1

4.2部署Kubernetes Proxy

1.配置kube-proxy使用LVS

~]# yum install -y ipvsadm ipset conntrack  ###node节点安装，本次实验所有节点安装

2.创建 kube-proxy 证书请求

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl/
[root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# vim kube-proxy-csr.json
{
  "CN": "system:kube-proxy",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

3.生成证书

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
   -ca-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
   -config=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json \
   -profile=kubernetes  kube-proxy-csr.json | cfssljson -bare kube-proxy

4.分发证书到所有Node节点

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# cp kube-proxy*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# scp kube-proxy*.pem 118.190.201.12:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# scp kube-proxy*.pem 118.190.201.13:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/

5.创建kube-proxy配置文件

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# kubectl config set-cluster kubernetes \
   --certificate-authority=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
   --embed-certs=true \
   --server=https://118.190.201.11:6443 \
   --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
Cluster "kubernetes" set.

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# kubectl config set-credentials kube-proxy \
   --client-certificate=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy.pem \
   --client-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/kube-proxy-key.pem \
   --embed-certs=true \
   --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
User "kube-proxy" set.

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# kubectl config set-context default \
   --cluster=kubernetes \
   --user=kube-proxy \
   --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
Context "default" created.

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# kubectl config use-context default --kubeconfig=kube-proxy.kubeconfig
Switched to context "default".

6.分发kubeconfig配置文件

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# cp kube-proxy.kubeconfig /opt/kubernetes/cfg/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# scp kube-proxy.kubeconfig 118.190.201.12:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# scp kube-proxy.kubeconfig 118.190.201.13:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/

7.创建kube-proxy服务配置

 ~]# mkdir /var/lib/kube-proxy    ###未来所有文件发在这个目录，所有节点创建
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service  ###创建系统服务，node1节点不启动服务
[Unit]
Description=Kubernetes Kube-Proxy Server
Documentation=https://github.com/GoogleCloudPlatform/kubernetes
After=network.target

[Service]
WorkingDirectory=/var/lib/kube-proxy
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/kube-proxy \
 --bind-address=118.190.201.11 \
 --hostname-override=118.190.201.11 \
 --kubeconfig=/opt/kubernetes/cfg/kube-proxy.kubeconfig \
--masquerade-all \
 --feature-gates=SupportIPVSProxyMode=true \
 --proxy-mode=ipvs \
 --ipvs-min-sync-period=5s \
 --ipvs-sync-period=5s \
 --ipvs-scheduler=rr \
 --logtostderr=true \
 --v=2 \
 --logtostderr=false \
 --log-dir=/opt/kubernetes/log

Restart=on-failure
RestartSec=5
LimitNOFILE=65536

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

###拷贝到其它节点，修改监听地址
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service 118.190.201.12:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service 118.190.201.13:/usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
###修改监听地址
 [root@linux-node2 ~]# sed -i 's#118.190.201.11#118.190.201.12#g' /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service
 [root@linux-node3 ~]# sed -i 's#118.190.201.11#118.190.201.13#g' /usr/lib/systemd/system/kube-proxy.service

8.启动Kubernetes Proxy

###node1节点不用启动
~]# systemctl daemon-reload
~]# systemctl enable kube-proxy
~]# systemctl start kube-proxy
~]# systemctl status kube-proxy

9.查看kube-proxy服务状态

###检查LVS状态
[root@linux-node3 ~]# ipvsadm -L -n
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  10.1.0.1:443 rr persistent 10800
  -> 118.190.201.11:6443          Masq    1      0          0     
###说明到10.1.0.1:443的地址全部转为118.190.201.11:6443地址API Server

10.使用下面的命令可以检查状态

 [root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl get node
NAME             STATUS    ROLES     AGE       VERSION
118.190.201.12   Ready     <none>    4h        v1.10.1
118.190.201.13   Ready     <none>    4h        v1.10.1

5.Flannel网络部署

5.1-Flannel网络部署

Replication Controller简称RC

RC是k8s集群中最早的保证Pod高可用的API对象。通过监控运行中的Pod来保证集群中运行指定数目的Pod副本
指定的数目可以是多个也可以是1个，少于指定数目，RC就会启动运行新的副本，多于指定数目，RC就会杀死多余的Pod副本
即使在指定数目为1的情况下，通过RC运行Pod也比直接运行Pod更明智，因为RC也可以发挥它高可用的能力，保证永远有1个Pod在运行

Replica Set简称RS（官方觉得RC功能弱新做的RS）

RS是新一代RC，提供同样的高可用能力，区别主要在于RS后来居上，能支持更多中的匹配模式。副本集对象一般不单独使用，而是作为部署的理想状态参数使用
是k8s1.2中出现的概念，是RC的升级。一般和Deployment共同使用

Deployment

Deployment表示用户对k8s集群的一次更新操作。Deployment是一个比RS应用模式更广的API对象
可以是创建一个新的服务，更新一个新的服务，也可以是滚动升级一个服务。滚动升级一个服务，实际是创建一个新的RS，然后逐渐将新RS中副本数量增加到理想状态，将旧RS中的副本数减小到0的复合操作
这样一个复合操作作用一个RS是不太好描述的，所有用一个更通用的Deployment来描述

Service

RC、RS和Deployment只是保证了支撑服务的Pod的数量，但是没有解决如何访问这些服务的问题。一个Pod只是一个运行服务额实例，随时可能在一个节点上停止，在另一个节点上以一个新的IP启动一个新的Pod，因此不能以确定的IP和端口提供服务
要稳定地提供服务需要服务发现和负载均衡的能力，服务发现完成的工作，是针对客户端访问的服务，找到对应的后端服务实例
在k8s集群中，客户端需要访问的服务就是Service对象，每个Service会对应一个集群内部有效的虚拟IP，集群内部通过虚拟IP访问一个服务

K8s的IP地址

Node IP：节点设备的IP，如物理机，虚拟机等容器宿主的实际IP
Pod IP：Pod的IP地址，是根据docker0网络IP段进行分配的
Cluster IP：Service的IP是一个虚拟IP，仅作用于service对象，有k8s管理和分配，需要结合service port才能使用，单独的IP没有通信功能，集群访问需要一些修改
在k8s集群内部，nodeip podip clusterip的通信机制是有k8s制定的路由规则，不是IP路由

1.为Flannel生成证书

 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/ssl/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# vim flanneld-csr.json
{
  "CN": "flanneld",
  "hosts": [],
  "key": {
    "algo": "rsa",
    "size": 2048
  },
  "names": [
    {
      "C": "CN",
      "ST": "BeiJing",
      "L": "BeiJing",
      "O": "k8s",
      "OU": "System"
    }
  ]
}

2.生成证书

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# cfssl gencert -ca=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem \
   -ca-key=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-key.pem \
   -config=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca-config.json \
   -profile=kubernetes flanneld-csr.json | cfssljson -bare flanneld

3.分发证书

 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# cp flanneld*.pem /opt/kubernetes/ssl/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# scp flanneld*.pem 118.190.201.12:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/ssl]# scp flanneld*.pem 118.190.201.13:/opt/kubernetes/ssl/

4.下载Flannel软件包

[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src
# wget
 https://github.com/coreos/flannel/releases/download/v0.10.0/flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@linux-node1 src]# tar zxf flannel-v0.10.0-linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@linux-node1 src]# cp flanneld mk-docker-opts.sh /opt/kubernetes/bin/

##复制到node2 node3节点
[root@linux-node1 src]# scp flanneld mk-docker-opts.sh 118.190.201.12:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
[root@linux-node1 src]# scp flanneld mk-docker-opts.sh 118.190.201.13:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

##复制对应脚本到/opt/kubernetes/bin目录下
[root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/kubernetes/cluster/centos/node/bin/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/kubernetes/cluster/centos/node/bin]# cp remove-docker0.sh /opt/kubernetes/bin/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/kubernetes/cluster/centos/node/bin]# scp remove-docker0.sh 118.190.201.12:/opt/kubernetes/bin/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src/kubernetes/cluster/centos/node/bin]# scp remove-docker0.sh 118.190.201.13:/opt/kubernetes/bin/

5.配置Flannel

[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /opt/kubernetes/cfg/flannel
FLANNEL_ETCD="-etcd-endpoints=https://118.190.201.11:2379,https://118.190.201.12:2379,https://118.190.201.13:2379"
FLANNEL_ETCD_KEY="-etcd-prefix=/kubernetes/network"
FLANNEL_ETCD_CAFILE="--etcd-cafile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem"
FLANNEL_ETCD_CERTFILE="--etcd-certfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/flanneld.pem"
FLANNEL_ETCD_KEYFILE="--etcd-keyfile=/opt/kubernetes/ssl/flanneld-key.pem"
##复制配置到其它节点上
[root@linux-node1 ~]# scp /opt/kubernetes/cfg/flannel 118.190.201.12:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/
[root@linux-node1 ~]# scp /opt/kubernetes/cfg/flannel 118.190.201.13:/opt/kubernetes/cfg/

6.设置Flannel系统服务

[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/flannel.service
[Unit]
Description=Flanneld overlay address etcd agent
After=network.target
Before=docker.service

[Service]
EnvironmentFile=-/opt/kubernetes/cfg/flannel
ExecStartPre=/opt/kubernetes/bin/remove-docker0.sh
ExecStart=/opt/kubernetes/bin/flanneld ${FLANNEL_ETCD} ${FLANNEL_ETCD_KEY} ${FLANNEL_ETCD_CAFILE} ${FLANNEL_ETCD_CERTFILE} ${FLANNEL_ETCD_KEYFILE}
ExecStartPost=/opt/kubernetes/bin/mk-docker-opts.sh -d /run/flannel/docker

Type=notify

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
RequiredBy=docker.service

复制系统服务脚本到其它节点上
# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/flannel.service 118.190.201.12:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/flannel.service 118.190.201.13:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

5.2Flannel CNI集成

1.下载CNI插件

https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# cd /usr/local/src/
 [root@linux-node1 /usr/local/src]# wget https://github.com/containernetworking/plugins/releases/download/v0.7.1/cni-plugins-amd64-v0.7.1.tgz
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# mkdir /opt/kubernetes/bin/cni   ###所有节点创建
 [root@linux-node1 src]# tar zxf cni-plugins-amd64-v0.7.1.tgz -C /opt/kubernetes/bin/cni
 # scp -r /opt/kubernetes/bin/cni/* 118.190.201.12:/opt/kubernetes/bin/cni/
 # scp -r /opt/kubernetes/bin/cni/* 118.190.201.13:/opt/kubernetes/bin/cni/

2.创建Etcd的key(创建Pod的网段) 一台节点创建

/opt/kubernetes/bin/etcdctl --ca-file /opt/kubernetes/ssl/ca.pem --cert-file /opt/kubernetes/ssl/flanneld.pem --key-file /opt/kubernetes/ssl/flanneld-key.pem \
 --no-sync -C https://118.190.201.11:2379,https://118.190.201.12:2379,https://118.190.201.13:2379 \
mk /kubernetes/network/config '{ "Network": "10.2.0.0/16", "Backend": { "Type": "vxlan", "VNI": 1 }}' >/dev/null 2>&1

3.启动flannel，所有节点

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable flannel
chmod +x /opt/kubernetes/bin/*
systemctl start flannel
systemctl status flannel

5.3配置Docker使用Flannel

[root@linux-node1 ~]# vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service
[Unit] #在Unit下面修改After和增加Requires
After=network-online.target firewalld.service flannel.service
Wants=network-online.target
Requires=flannel.service

[Service] #增加EnvironmentFile=-/run/flannel/docker
Type=notify
EnvironmentFile=-/run/flannel/docker
ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd $DOCKER_OPTS

1.将配置复制到另外两个阶段

# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service 118.190.201.12:/usr/lib/systemd/system/
# scp /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service 118.190.201.13:/usr/lib/systemd/system/

2.重启Docker所有节点

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker
systemctl status docker

5.4 -创建第一个K8S应用

1.创建一个测试用的deployment

[root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl run net-test --image=alpine --replicas=2 sleep 360000

2.查看获取IP情况

 [root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME                        READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP          NODE
net-test-5767cb94df-75g7v   1/1       Running   0          39s       10.2.44.2   118.190.201.12
net-test-5767cb94df-m26r2   1/1       Running   0          39s       10.2.18.2   118.190.201.13

3.测试联通性

 [root@linux-node1 ~]# ping 10.2.44.2

4.部署Nginx应用

 [root@linux-node1 ~]# vim nginx-deployment.yaml
apiVersion: apps/v1
kind: Deployment
metadata:
  name: nginx-deployment
  labels:
    app: nginx
spec:
  replicas: 3
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: nginx
  template:
    metadata:
      labels:
        app: nginx
    spec:
      containers:
      - name: nginx
        image: nginx:1.10.3
        ports:
        - containerPort: 80

创建容器

##创建容器
[root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl create -f nginx-deployment.yaml 

###查看
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl get deployment

###查看deployment详情
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl describe deployment nginx-deployment

###查看pod详情
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl describe pod nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-7tbtx
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide
NAME                                READY     STATUS    RESTARTS   AGE       IP          NODE
net-test-5767cb94df-75g7v           1/1       Running   0          2h        10.2.44.2   118.190.201.12
net-test-5767cb94df-m26r2           1/1       Running   0          2h        10.2.18.2   118.190.201.13
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-524zh   1/1       Running   0          9m        10.2.44.3   118.190.201.12
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-7tbtx   1/1       Running   0          9m        10.2.18.3   118.190.201.13
nginx-deployment-75d56bb955-gw28j   1/1       Running   0          9m        10.2.18.4   118.190.201.13

###测试pod访问
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# curl -I http://10.2.44.3
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Server: nginx/1.10.3
Date: Fri, 01 Feb 2019 12:43:11 GMT
Content-Type: text/html
Content-Length: 612
Last-Modified: Tue, 31 Jan 2017 15:01:11 GMT
Connection: keep-alive
ETag: "5890a6b7-264"
Accept-Ranges: bytes

###更新deployment
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl set image deployment/nginx-deployment nginx=nginx:1.12.2 --record   ###--record记录日志

###查看更新后的Deployment
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl get deployment -o wide
NAME               DESIRED   CURRENT   UP-TO-DATE   AVAILABLE   AGE       CONTAINERS   IMAGES         SELECTOR
net-test           2         2         2            2           2h        net-test     alpine         run=net-test
nginx-deployment   3         4         1            3           18m       nginx        nginx:1.12.2   app=nginx

###查看更新历史
kubectl rollout history deployment/nginx-deployment
###查看具体某一个版本的升级历史
kubectl rollout history deployment/nginx-deployment --revision=1
###快速回滚到上一个版本
kubectl rollout undo deployment/nginx-deployment

1.创建Service(因为每次更新IP都会变动)

 [root@linux-node1 ~]# vim nginx-services.yaml
apiVersion: v1
kind: Service
metadata:
  name: nginx-service
spec:
  selector:
    app: nginx
  ports:
  - protocol: TCP
    port: 80
    targetPort: 80

###创建
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl create -f nginx-services.yaml

###创建的service
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl get service
NAME            TYPE        CLUSTER-IP    EXTERNAL-IP   PORT(S)   AGE
kubernetes      ClusterIP   10.1.0.1      <none>        443/TCP   14h
nginx-service   ClusterIP   10.1.157.91   <none>        80/TCP    51s

###pod访问测试
~]# curl -I http://10.1.157.91  ###因为node1没有安装kube-proxy，所以需要在node2 node3节点上执行
[root@linux-node2 ~]# ipvsadm -Ln
IP Virtual Server version 1.2.1 (size=4096)
Prot LocalAddress:Port Scheduler Flags
  -> RemoteAddress:Port           Forward Weight ActiveConn InActConn
TCP  10.1.0.1:443 rr persistent 10800
  -> 118.190.201.11:6443          Masq    1      0          0
TCP 10.1.157.91:80 rr  ###访问10.1.157.91:80之后转发到下面节点上
  -> 10.2.18.6:80                 Masq    1      0          0
  -> 10.2.18.7:80                 Masq    1      0          0
  -> 10.2.44.6:80                 Masq    1      0          0

###快速扩容
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl scale deployment nginx-deployment --replicas 5
 [root@linux-node1 ~]# kubectl get pod -o wide

补充国内镜像： # –pod-infra-container-image=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/google-containers/pause-amd64:3.0 \

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这货来去如风，什么鬼都没留下！！！

Kubernetes构建企业容器云入门篇