安装步骤

1.去官网下载rpm包，使用命令

cd /usr/local/src
wget \
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-5.7-community-el7-x86_64/mysql-community-client-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-5.7-community-el7-x86_64/mysql-community-common-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-5.7-community-el7-x86_64/mysql-community-libs-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-5.7-community-el7-x86_64/mysql-community-libs-compat-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm \
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/yum/mysql-5.7-community-el7-x86_64/mysql-community-server-5.7.38-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

 2.然后安装这些安装包，注意有依赖，需要联网

yum install -y mysql-community-*-5.7.*-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

 3.开启服务器并初始化密码，使用的命令和命令详解：

# 开启MySQL服务器
systemctl start mysqld
# 查看默认生成的密码
grep password /var/log/mysqld.log

4.登录修改密码

# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:

# 设置密码等级
set global validate_password_length=4;
set global validate_password_policy=0;
# 修改默认密码，注意替换后面的密码
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '您的密码';

##设置 root 账户远程登陆（此步骤如果不需要可以跳过），进入到 MySQL 命令行使用命令
use `mysql`; 
# 注意将密码替换掉 
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '您的密码' WITH GRANT OPTION; 
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

 5.修改字符集

mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | latin1                     |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | latin1                     |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+

## 配置文件修改
 vim /etc/my.cnf
##加入如下内容
[client]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8

[mysqld]
character-set-server=utf8
## 关闭密码复杂度
plugin-load=validate_password.so
validate-password=OFF

##保存退出重启
systemctl restart mysqld

##再次查看
mysql> show variables like 'character%';
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                      |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8                       |
| character_set_connection | utf8                       |
| character_set_database   | utf8                       |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
| character_set_results    | utf8                       |
| character_set_server     | utf8                       |
| character_set_system     | utf8                       |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

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