1.elasticdump备份还原
1.1elasticdump 简介
用于转移和保存ES索引数据
# 获取集群的节点列表：
curl 'localhost:9200/_cat/nodes?v'
# 列出所有索引：
curl 'localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v'
创建一个名为“customer”的索引，然后再查看所有的索引：
curl -X PUT 'localhost:9200/customer?pretty'
curl 'localhost:9200/_cat/indices?v'
如果需要用户名和密码登录才可以访问，通过下面的方式指定用户名和密码
# 获取集群的节点列表：
curl --user username:password 'localhost:9200/_cat/nodes?v'
1.2前置条件
elasticdump具有两种两种方式：npm和Docker（假设已存在对应的安装环境，可直接跳转至安装elasticdump步骤），本文只讲述npm的安装方式，Docker的安装方式可以查阅官网文档细节。
1.下载node.js安装包
wget https://nodejs.org/dist/v10.13.0/node-v10.13.0-linux-x64.tar.gz
2. 解压node.js 安装包
tar xf node-v10.13.0-linux-x64.tar.gz3. 创建链接
ln -s ~/node-v10.13.0-linux-x64/bin/node /usr/bin/node
ln -s ~/node-v10.13.0-linux-x64/bin/npm /usr/bin/npm2.安装 elasticdump
使用npm安装elasticdump，执行如下命令。
npm install elasticdump -g2.1elasticdump 使用方法
本文主要介绍数据导出为文件，从文件导入数据这两个常用的方法，但elasticdump并不局限于这两种使用方式，如果对此感兴趣，可以登陆官网查阅更为详细的用法细节。
[root@cndh1323-2-11 bin]# ./elasticdump --help
elasticdump: Import and export tools for elasticsearch
version: 6.27.5
Usage: elasticdump --input SOURCE --output DESTINATION [OPTIONS]
--input
Source location (required)
--input-index
Source index and type
(default: all, example: index/type)
--output
Destination location (required)
--output-index
Destination index and type
(default: all, example: index/type)
--overwrite
Overwrite output file if it exists
(default: false)
--limit
How many objects to move in batch per operation
limit is approximate for file streams
(default: 100)
--size
How many objects to retrieve
(default: -1 -> no limit)
--concurrency
How many concurrent request is sent to a specified transport
(default: 1)
--concurrencyInterval
The length of time in milliseconds before the interval count resets. Must be finite.
(default: 5000)
--intervalCap
The max number of transport request in the given interval of time.
(default: 5)
--carryoverConcurrencyCount
Whether the task must finish in the given concurrencyInterval
(intervalCap will reset to the default whether the request is completed or not)
or will be carried over into the next interval count,
which will effectively reduce the number of new requests created in the next interval
i.e. intervalCap -= <num of carried over requests>
(default: true)
--throttleInterval
The length of time in milliseconds to delay between getting data from an inputTransport and sending it to an outputTransport
(default: 1)
--debug
Display the elasticsearch commands being used
(default: false)
--quiet
Suppress all messages except for errors
(default: false)
--type
What are we exporting?
(default: data, options: [data, settings, analyzer, mapping, alias])
--delete
Delete documents one-by-one from the input as they are
moved. Will not delete the source index
(default: false)
--headers
Add custom headers to Elastisearch requests (helpful when
your Elasticsearch instance sits behind a proxy)
(default: '{"User-Agent": "elasticdump"}')
--params
Add custom parameters to Elastisearch requests uri. Helpful when you for example
want to use elasticsearch preference
(default: null)
--searchBody
Preform a partial extract based on search results
(when ES is the input, default values are
if ES > 5
`'{"query": { "match_all": {} }, "stored_fields": ["*"], "_source": true }'`
else
`'{"query": { "match_all": {} }, "fields": ["*"], "_source": true }'`
--searchWithTemplate
Enable to use Search Template when using --searchBody
If using Search Template then searchBody has to consist of "id" field and "params" objects
If "size" field is defined within Search Template, it will be overridden by --size parameter
See https://www.elastic.co/guide/en/elasticsearch/reference/current/search-template.html for
further information
(default: false)
--sourceOnly
Output only the json contained within the document _source
Normal: {"_index":"","_type":"","_id":"", "_source":{SOURCE}}
sourceOnly: {SOURCE}
(default: false)
--ignore-errors
Will continue the read/write loop on write error
(default: false)
--scrollId
The last scroll Id returned from elasticsearch.
This will allow dumps to be resumed used the last scroll Id &
`scrollTime` has not expired.
--scrollTime
Time the nodes will hold the requested search in order.
(default: 10m)
--maxSockets
How many simultaneous HTTP requests can we process make?
(default:
5 [node <= v0.10.x] /
Infinity [node >= v0.11.x] )
--timeout
Integer containing the number of milliseconds to wait for
a request to respond before aborting the request. Passed
directly to the request library. Mostly used when you don't
care too much if you lose some data when importing
but rather have speed.
--offset
Integer containing the number of rows you wish to skip
ahead from the input transport. When importing a large
index, things can go wrong, be it connectivity, crashes,
someone forgetting to `screen`, etc. This allows you
to start the dump again from the last known line written
(as logged by the `offset` in the output). Please be
advised that since no sorting is specified when the
dump is initially created, there's no real way to
guarantee that the skipped rows have already been
written/parsed. This is more of an option for when
you want to get most data as possible in the index
without concern for losing some rows in the process,
similar to the `timeout` option.
(default: 0)
--noRefresh
Disable input index refresh.
Positive:
1. Much increase index speed
2. Much less hardware requirements
Negative:
1. Recently added data may not be indexed
Recommended to use with big data indexing,
where speed and system health in a higher priority
than recently added data.
--inputTransport
Provide a custom js file to use as the input transport
--outputTransport
Provide a custom js file to use as the output transport
--toLog
When using a custom outputTransport, should log lines
be appended to the output stream?
(default: true, except for `$`)
--awsChain
Use [standard](https://aws.amazon.com/blogs/security/a-new-and-standardized-way-to-manage-credentials-in-the-aws-sdks/) location and ordering for resolving credentials including environment variables, config files, EC2 and ECS metadata locations
_Recommended option for use with AWS_
--awsAccessKeyId
--awsSecretAccessKey
When using Amazon Elasticsearch Service protected by
AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM), provide
your Access Key ID and Secret Access Key
--awsIniFileProfile
Alternative to --awsAccessKeyId and --awsSecretAccessKey,
loads credentials from a specified profile in aws ini file.
For greater flexibility, consider using --awsChain
and setting AWS_PROFILE and AWS_CONFIG_FILE
environment variables to override defaults if needed
--awsService
Sets the AWS service that the signature will be generated for
(default: calculated from hostname or host)
--awsRegion
Sets the AWS region that the signature will be generated for
(default: calculated from hostname or host)
--transform
A javascript, which will be called to modify documents
before writing it to destination. global variable 'doc'
is available.
Example script for computing a new field 'f2' as doubled
value of field 'f1':
doc._source["f2"] = doc._source.f1 * 2;
--httpAuthFile
When using http auth provide credentials in ini file in form
`user=<username>
password=<password>`
--support-big-int
Support big integer numbers
--retryAttempts
Integer indicating the number of times a request should be automatically re-attempted before failing
when a connection fails with one of the following errors `ECONNRESET`, `ENOTFOUND`, `ESOCKETTIMEDOUT`,
ETIMEDOUT`, `ECONNREFUSED`, `EHOSTUNREACH`, `EPIPE`, `EAI_AGAIN`
(default: 0)
--retryDelay
Integer indicating the back-off/break period between retry attempts (milliseconds)
(default : 5000)
--parseExtraFields
Comma-separated list of meta-fields to be parsed
--fileSize
supports file splitting. This value must be a string supported by the **bytes** module.
The following abbreviations must be used to signify size in terms of units
b for bytes
kb for kilobytes
mb for megabytes
gb for gigabytes
tb for terabytes
e.g. 10mb / 1gb / 1tb
Partitioning helps to alleviate overflow/out of memory exceptions by efficiently segmenting files
into smaller chunks that then be merged if needs be.
--fsCompress
gzip data before sending outputting to file
--s3AccessKeyId
AWS access key ID
--s3SecretAccessKey
AWS secret access key
--s3Region
AWS region
--s3Endpoint
AWS endpoint can be used for AWS compatible backends such as
OpenStack Swift and OpenStack Ceph
--s3SSLEnabled
Use SSL to connect to AWS [default true]
--s3ForcePathStyle Force path style URLs for S3 objects [default false]
--s3Compress
gzip data before sending to s3
--retryDelayBase
The base number of milliseconds to use in the exponential backoff for operation retries. (s3)
--customBackoff
Activate custom customBackoff function. (s3)
--tlsAuth
Enable TLS X509 client authentication
--cert, --input-cert, --output-cert
Client certificate file. Use --cert if source and destination are identical.
Otherwise, use the one prefixed with --input or --output as needed.
--key, --input-key, --output-key
Private key file. Use --key if source and destination are identical.
Otherwise, use the one prefixed with --input or --output as needed.
--pass, --input-pass, --output-pass
Pass phrase for the private key. Use --pass if source and destination are identical.
Otherwise, use the one prefixed with --input or --output as needed.
--ca, --input-ca, --output-ca
CA certificate. Use --ca if source and destination are identical.
Otherwise, use the one prefixed with --input or --output as needed.
--inputSocksProxy, --outputSocksProxy
Socks5 host address
--inputSocksPort, --outputSocksPort
Socks5 host port
--handleVersion
Tells elastisearch transport to handle the `_version` field if present in the dataset
(default : false)
--versionType
Elasticsearch versioning types. Should be `internal`, `external`, `external_gte`, `force`.
NB : Type validation is handle by the bulk endpoint and not elasticsearch-dump
--help
This page
Examples:
# Copy an index from production to staging with mappings:
elasticdump \
--input=http://production.es.com:9200/my_index \
--output=http://staging.es.com:9200/my_index \
--type=mapping
elasticdump \
--input=http://production.es.com:9200/my_index \
--output=http://staging.es.com:9200/my_index \
--type=data
# Backup index data to a file:
elasticdump \
--input=http://production.es.com:9200/my_index \
--output=/data/my_index_mapping.json \
--type=mapping
elasticdump \
--input=http://production.es.com:9200/my_index \
--output=/data/my_index.json \
--type=data
# Backup and index to a gzip using stdout:
elasticdump \
--input=http://production.es.com:9200/my_index \
--output=$ \
| gzip > /data/my_index.json.gz
# Backup the results of a query to a file
elasticdump \
--input=http://production.es.com:9200/my_index \
--output=query.json \
--searchBody '{"query":{"term":{"username": "admin"}}}'
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Learn more @ https://github.com/taskrabbit/elasticsearch-dump进入elasticdump脚本目录
使用local模式执行elasticdump脚本
cd /root/node-v10.13.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/elasticdump/bin方法一：索引数据导出为文件
导出模板：
# 导出索引Mapping数据
./elasticdump \
--input=http://172.20.2.11:9200/lingxi-product-2020-04 \
--output=/data/my_index_mapping.json \
--type=mapping
# 导出索引数据
./elasticdump \
--input=http://172.20.2.11:9200/lingxi-product-2020-04 \
--output=/data/my_index.json \
--type=data方法二：索引数据文件导入至索引
导入模板：
# Mapping 数据导入至索引
./elasticdump \
--output=http://72.20.2.11:9200/lingxi-product-2020-04 \
--input=/data/my_index_mapping.json \ # 导入数据目录
--type=mapping
# ES文档数据导入至索引
./elasticdump \
--output=http:///72.20.2.11:9200/lingxi-product-2020-04 \
--input=/data/my_index.json \
--type=data
##命令路径
/usr/local/node-v10.13.0-linux-x64/lib/node_modules/elasticdump/bin
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